Validation of the Maryland Aggregate Pathology Index (MAPI), a pre‐implantation scoring system that predicts graft outcome

Predicting graft outcome after renal transplantation based on donor histological features has remained elusive and is subject to institutional variability. We have shown in a retrospective study that the Maryland Aggregate Pathology Index score reliably predicts graft outcome. We sought to validate the scoring system in our center and a second transplant center. We analyzed 140 deceased donor kidneys pre‐implantation biopsies from center 1 and 65 from center 2. The patients had a mean follow‐up of 695 ± 424 and 656 ± 305 d respectively. Although MAPI scores were similar, there were significant differences in donor and recipient parameters between both centers. Despite this, MAPI was predictive of graft outcome for both centers by Cox univariate, multivariate and time dependent ROC analysis. For center 1 and 2, three yr graft survival within each MAPI group was statistically equivalent. The three‐yr graft survival at center 1 for low, intermediate, and high MAPI groups were 84.3%, 56.5%, and 50.0%, respectively, p ≤ 0.0001, and at center 2 were 83.3%, 33.3%, and 33.3%, p = 0.006. MAPI, which is based on a pre‐implantation biopsy, demonstrated similar predictive and outcome results from both centers. As expanded criteria donors (ECD) criteria have redefined marginal kidneys, MAPI has the potential to further define ECD kidneys, increase utilization, and ultimately improve outcomes.     

复苏单囊胚移植周期中囊胚形态学评分对临床妊娠的影响

目的分析在冷冻复苏单囊胚移植周期中,囊胚内细胞团和滋养细胞层质量对临床妊娠的影响。方法在复苏囊胚移植周期中,记录囊胚内细胞团、滋养细胞层的评分,采用二分类Logistic回归过程,分析两项评分对临床妊娠率的影响。结果在141个单囊胚复苏周期中,复苏的141个囊胚均存活,采用激素替代周期进行子宫内膜准备,临床妊娠率为41.1%(58/141)。所有囊胚在冷冻时均达到4期,内细胞团为A、B级,滋养细胞层为A、B、C三级。经回归分析,三个自变量即年龄、内细胞团质量和滋养细胞层质量中,滋养细胞层对临床妊娠有最大的预测价值(P=0.013)。结论与内细胞团的评分相比,滋养细胞层质量对复苏单囊胚的临床妊娠率有更高的预测价值。     

北京市医学伦理审查互认现场督导检查评分标准的制订与初步应用

目的 为检验伦理审查互认的实施效果,北京市卫生健康委员会决定对联盟中25家具备主审资质的医疗机构进行现场督导检查,为此联盟制定了伦理审查互认现场督导检查的评分标准,以保证检查的客观性和一致性。方法 评分标准主要参考《北京市医学伦理审查互认联盟工作规则》及25家医疗机构前期基本调研情况制订。结果 评分标准由3个一级指标、10个二级指标和13个三级指标构成。3个一级指标分别为制度建设(30分)、互认情况(25分)和审查效率(45分)。结论 评分标准为北京市医学伦理审查互认推进的重要工具,尽管个别指标在现阶段有使用上的局限性,但总体能较全面地考察伦理审查互认的实施情况及效果,且有一定可操作性。     

三维超声对宫腔粘连的诊断价值及基于冠状面成像评分系统的初探

目的 评价三维超声对宫腔粘连诊断的准确性,初步建立三维超声对宫腔粘连严重程度的评分系统。方法 收集2019年9月至2020年1月因“月经量减少或闭经”就诊的患者的病例资料,包括经阴道三维超声(three-dimensional transvaginal ultrasound,TVS-3D)及宫腔镜检查,符合纳入和排除标准,共计纳入112例,以宫腔镜检查为金标准,通过灵敏度、特异度,分析判断TVS-3D对宫腔粘连的诊断价值;通过计算Kappa值评价三维超声与宫腔镜检查判断粘连部位的一致性;以宫腔镜下欧洲妇科内镜协会(European Society of Gynecological Endoscopy, ESGE)评级标准判断宫腔粘连严重程度,通过计算受试者工作特征(receiver operating characteristic,ROC)曲线下面积,得出TVS-3D对宫腔粘连严重程度评分的最佳界值。结果 TVS-3D诊断宫腔粘连的灵敏度、特异度分别为82.6%、65.0%,Kappa=0.405,表明TVS-3D具有一定诊断宫腔粘连的效能,但效果一般。TVS-3D对两侧壁及宫腔中央部判断的一致性良好,Kappa值分别为0.771～0.894与0.500～0.610。对重度粘连诊断的最佳界值为9.5分,诊断的灵敏度为81.1%,特异度为94.9%,表明三维超声诊断重度宫腔粘连具有较高的真实性。结论 TVS-3D对宫腔粘连具有一定诊断作用,尤其对两侧壁及宫腔中央部粘连的诊断结果与宫腔镜检查结果具有高度一致性。基于三维超声宫腔冠状面成像的评分系统判断宫腔重度粘连的真实性较高,具有临床应用价值。     

Utility of the Guy’s Stone Score in predicting different aspects of percutaneous nephrolithotomy

Objective

To evaluate Guy’s scoring system (GSS) as a grading system for complexity of kidney stone before percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) as a predictor for different items of outcome.

Preoperative assessment for cardiac surgery

Anaesthetic challenges in cardiac surgery are multifaceted. Since patients present with compromised cardiovascular reserve and multiple co-morbidities, a thorough preoperative assessment and meticulous anaesthetic plan is essential. This targets anaesthetic history, physical examination and analysis of investigations, routine and specific to the cardiovascular system. Special models exist for risk stratification to aid perioperative planning, surgical decision making, benchmarking and quality assurance. This article provides an overview of history, examination and preoperative management of patients undergoing cardiac surgery. Scoring systems and practical investigations are reviewed.     

蛋白亚细胞定位的预测方法研究

预测蛋白质的亚细胞定位信息对于了解其功能有重要的意义.选择氨基酸组成、氨基酸对组成、位置特异性打分矩阵三种分类特征以及模糊k近邻、支持向量机两种预测方法,分别进行了测试.对预测结果的分析显示,位置特异性打分矩阵可以提高对不同亚细胞器的可区分性;而支持向量机可以更好地利用位置特刎异性打分矩阵特征进行预测.使用氨基酸组成和位置特异性打分矩阵两种特征,并结合支持向量机,是一种有效的亚细胞定位预测方法.     

Outcome of humeral shaft fractures treated by functional cast brace

Background:Functional brace application for isolated humeral shaft fracture persistently yields good results. Nonunion though uncommon involves usually the proximal third shaft fractures. Instead of polyethylene bivalve functional brace four plaster sleeves wrapped and molded with little more proximal extension expected to prevent nonunion of proximal third fractures. Periodic compressibility of the cast is likely to yield a better result. This can be applied on the 1^st day of the presentation as an outpatient basis. Comprehensive objective scoring system befitting for fracture humeral shaft is a need.Results:The results were assessed using 100 point scoring system where union allotted 30 points and 60 points allotted for angulations (10), elbow motion (10), shoulder abduction (10), shortening (5), rotation (5), absence of infection (10), absence of nerve palsy during treatment (10). Remaining 10 points were allotted for five items with two points each. They were the absence of skin sore, absence of vascular problem, absence of reflex sympathetic dystrophy (RSD), recovery of paralyzed nerve during injury and recovery of paralyzed nerve during treatment. Results were considered excellent with 90 and above, good with 80–89, fair with 70–79 and poor below 70 point. Results at 6 months were excellent in 43.94% (n = 29), good in 42.42% (n = 28), fair in 9.1% (n = 6), poor in 4.55% (n = 3). Union took place in 98.48% (n = 65) with an average of 10.3 weeks (range 6–16 weeks). 87.5% (n = 7) paralyzed radial nerve recovered. All wounds healed. Four patients had transient skin problem. One patient with mid shaft fracture had nonunion due to the muscle interposition.Conclusion:Modified functional cast brace is one of the options in treatment for humeral shaft fractures as it can be applied on the 1^st day of the presentation in most of the situations. Simple objective scoring system was useful particularly in uneducated patients.     

各评分系统对胰腺炎疾病严重程度预测价值的临床研究

目的：探讨各评分系统对急性胰腺炎（acute pancreatitis,AP）疾病严重程度预测价值的差异。方法回顾性分析156例 AP 患者的临床资料,记录患者入院时的 c-反应蛋白（CRP）等实验室检测值,结合中国胰腺炎诊治指南（2007）将患者分为轻症胰腺炎（mild acute pancreatitis, MAP）组、重症胰腺炎（severe acute pancreatitis,SAP）组。按照各评分系统的相应评分标准对患者进行急性生理学和慢性健康状况评分（APACHEⅡ）、Ranson、BISAP、CTSI 评分。按照APACHEⅡ≥8分、Ranson≥3分、BISAP≥2分、CTSI≥3分、CRP≥21．4 mg／L 的标准分别将患者区分为 MAP 组、SAP 组,ROC 曲线比较各评分系统对 AP 疾病严重程度预测价值的差异。结果156例 AP 患者,确诊为 SAP21例,另135例诊断为 MAP。APACHEⅡ≥8分、Ranson≥3分、BISAP≥2分、CTSI≥3分、CRP≥21．4 mg／L 预测 SAP 的 AUC 分别为0．78（95％CI：0．70～0．84）,0．69（95％CI：0．62～0．76）,0．74（95％CI：0．66～0．80）,0．69（95％ CI：0．61～0．76）,0．68（95％CI：0．57～0．78）,各评分系统间差异无统计学意义。结论各评分系统对 SAP 的预测价值差异无统计学意义,在临床工作中,SAP 的早期预测应参考多种评价体系,临床获取及应用更为简便的单一实验室指标的参考意义,值得进一步深入研究。